X-Gal Chromogenic Substrate
Biotechnology Chromogenic
Chromogenic Substrates

X-Gal (Chromogenic Substrate)

High-purity X-Gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) essential for molecular biology applications. Provides reliable blue-white screening for gene expression studies, cloning procedures, and β-galactosidase activity detection.

  • High-Purity Chromogenic Substrate
  • Blue-White Screening
  • Gene Expression Studies
  • β-Galactosidase Detection
  • Cloning Applications
  • Research Validated

Technical Specifications

Chemical Name: 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside
CAS Number: 7240-90-6
Molecular Formula: C14H15BrClNO6
Molecular Weight: 408.63 g/mol
Physical State: White to off-white crystalline powder
Purity: ≥98.0% (HPLC)
Solubility: DMF, DMSO (20 mg/mL)
Melting Point: 143-145°C
Substrate Activity: β-Galactosidase specific
Color Development: Blue (positive), White (negative)
Detection Limit: 0.1 μg β-galactosidase
Working Concentration: 40 mg/mL in DMF
Storage Temperature: -20°C, protect from light
Shelf Life: 3 years at -20°C
Packaging: 100mg, 500mg, 1g amber vials

Applications

Blue-White Screening
Gene Cloning
β-Galactosidase Detection
Gene Expression Studies
Molecular Biology Research
Transformation Screening
Recombinant Protein Studies
Plant Transformation
Enzyme Activity Assays

Industry-Specific Grades

DRAVYOM offers specialized X-Gal grades tailored for specific molecular biology and biotechnology requirements, ensuring optimal performance and consistent results across diverse applications.

Research Grade
Purity: ≥98.0% Color Development: Reliable Solubility: DMF, DMSO Application: General molecular biology
Molecular Biology Grade
Purity: ≥99.0% DNase/RNase Free: Tested Protease Free: Verified Application: Gene cloning, screening
Chromogenic Grade
Purity: ≥99.5% Color Intensity: Optimized Background: Minimal Application: High-sensitivity screening
Plant Transformation Grade
Purity: ≥99.2% Phytotoxicity: Tested Sterility: Verified Application: Plant molecular biology

Quality Standards

DRAVYOM's X-Gal is manufactured under stringent quality control protocols, meeting international molecular biology standards for consistent blue-white screening and reliable gene expression detection.

ISO 9001:2015 Certified Manufacturing
Molecular Biology Grade Standards
≥98.0% HPLC Purity
Chromogenic Activity Verified
DNase/RNase Free Tested
Freeze Storage Validated
Functional Testing Certificate
Frozen Logistics

Advanced Chemical Properties & Performance

X-Gal exhibits exceptional chromogenic properties essential for molecular biology applications. Its specific substrate activity and high purity ensure reliable performance in demanding gene expression studies and screening procedures.

Chromogenic Properties
Substrate Specificity: β-Galactosidase exclusive
Color Development: Blue indigo formation
Detection Sensitivity: 0.1 μg enzyme minimum
Reaction Time: 2-24 hours (depending on activity)
Physical Properties
Crystal Structure: White to off-white crystalline
Solubility Profile: DMF, DMSO, ethanol
UV Absorption: λmax = 290 nm
Molar Extinction: ε290 = 8,400 M⁻¹cm⁻¹
Enzymatic Performance
Km Value: 0.15 mM (β-galactosidase)
Hydrolysis Rate: Vmax proportional to enzyme
Color Intensity: Linear with enzyme activity
Background Signal: Minimal non-specific color
Purity Specifications
Total Impurities: ≤ 2.0%
Related Substrates: ≤ 1.0% each
Water Content: ≤ 0.5%
Heavy Metals: ≤ 10 ppm
Stability Properties
Shelf Life: 3 years (-20°C, dark)
Light Sensitivity: Moderate photodegradation
pH Stability: Stable pH 6-8
Solution Stability: 24h at 4°C in DMF

Performance Characteristics

Detailed performance metrics demonstrate X-Gal superiority in gene expression applications with exceptional chromogenic response, specificity, and reproducibility across diverse molecular biology protocols and screening procedures.

Detection Sensitivity

LOD: 0.1 μg β-galactosidase enzyme

Ultra-sensitive screening capability
Gene Expression Correlation

Linear response: R² = 0.98

Quantitative gene expression analysis
Color Development

Blue color: 2-24h development time

Visible result confirmation
Temperature Stability

Working range: -20°C storage stable

Long-term reagent stability
Batch Reproducibility

Variation: ±5% between batches

Consistent screening results
Stability Performance

3 years under proper storage conditions

Extended substrate integrity

Safety Information

Handle with standard molecular biology precautions including safety goggles, gloves, and lab coat. Avoid inhalation of powder and skin contact. Contains halogenated aromatic compound - use in well-ventilated areas. May cause irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Dispose according to local regulations.

Irritant
Handle with Gloves
Use with Ventilation

Storage & Handling

Store in original amber containers at -20°C in a dry, dark place. Keep containers tightly closed and use desiccant to prevent moisture absorption. Prepare working solutions fresh or store at 4°C for short-term use. Protect from light during handling and use.

Frozen storage (-20°C)
Dark storage required
Amber containers with desiccant
Prepare fresh working solutions

Chemical Mechanisms & Reaction Pathways

X-Gal exhibits chromogenic substrate properties through its galactopyranoside structure and indole functionality, enabling precise β-galactosidase detection with predictable enzymatic cleavage and quantitative blue color development.

Enzymatic Cleavage

β-galactosidase cleaves galactose moiety to release chromophore

Essential for blue-white screening protocols
Indole Formation

Released indoxyl undergoes oxidation to form blue indigo

Critical for visual colony identification
Color Development

Spontaneous dimerization produces intense blue coloration

Enables rapid screening applications
Gene Expression

Reports lacZ gene expression and promoter activity

Key for molecular cloning studies

Regulatory Compliance & Documentation

Comprehensive regulatory compliance ensures global biotechnology laboratory access with complete documentation packages supporting international standards and molecular biology method validations.

Molecular Biology Grade

Ultra-pure specifications for molecular biology applications

ISO 6353 Standard

International standard for reagent specifications and testing

USP Grade Available

United States Pharmacopeia specifications for pharmaceutical research

REACH Registration

European Union chemical regulation compliance

Method Validation

Supported molecular biology method validation documentation

SDS Documentation

Multi-language Safety Data Sheets (16 sections, GHS compliant)

Technical Support & Value-Added Services

DRAVYOM's molecular biology team provides comprehensive method support, troubleshooting assistance, and biotechnology services to optimize X-Gal performance in your specific cloning and screening applications.

Method Development
  • Screening protocol optimization support
  • Concentration and timing guidance
  • Color development validation
  • Custom screening solutions
Analytical Services
  • Certificate of Analysis verification
  • Purity and activity testing
  • Enzymatic assay validation
  • Stability analysis
Technical Support
  • Cloning troubleshooting consultation
  • Storage and preparation guidance
  • Screening optimization
  • Laboratory best practices
Supply Solutions
  • Consistent lot scheduling
  • Emergency supply arrangements
  • Light-protected packaging
  • Frozen distribution

Environmental Impact & Sustainability

Our X-Gal production emphasizes environmental responsibility through sustainable manufacturing practices, waste minimization, and comprehensive environmental impact management for molecular biology laboratory operations.

Waste Minimization

Optimized production with minimal waste generation

Water Treatment

Advanced wastewater treatment and recycling systems

Clean Production

Energy-efficient synthesis with emission controls

Safe Disposal

Comprehensive guidance for laboratory waste management

ISO 14001

Environmental management system certified production

Container Recycling

Container return and recycling programs

Manufacturing Excellence & Quality Control

DRAVYOM's state-of-the-art biotechnology facility employs advanced purification technology and continuous monitoring systems to ensure consistent X-Gal quality and performance across all production batches.

Production Process

Advanced crystallization and purification in controlled light-protected environment

Multi-stage purification for molecular biology grade quality
Quality Testing

Comprehensive testing including purity, enzymatic activity, and color development

β-galactosidase assay verification
Quality Systems

ISO 9001:2015 quality management with molecular biology laboratory accreditation

Continuous improvement and bioprocess validation
Packaging Control

Amber containers with desiccant and controlled atmosphere packaging

Complete light protection and moisture control

Market Applications & Performance Data

Comprehensive molecular biology laboratory data demonstrating X-Gal effectiveness across diverse applications with quantified performance metrics and cloning method validations.

Molecular Biology Labs
Detection Sensitivity: >95% blue colony identification Purity: >99% by HPLC analysis Color Development: Consistent blue formation within 2-4 hours
Research Institutions
Publication Support: 2000+ cited protocols Reproducibility: >99% inter-lab agreement Innovation: Custom screening formulations
Biotech Companies
Reliability: 99.9% lot consistency Audit Success: 100% regulatory compliance Efficiency: 40% faster screening workflows

DRAVYOM Competitive Advantages

Superior Purity

Consistently exceeds molecular biology specifications with ultra-high enzymatic sensitivity and exceptional color development

Reliable Supply

Guaranteed availability with strategic inventory management and molecular biology-grade production scheduling

Molecular Biology Expertise

Dedicated cloning team provides screening development and troubleshooting support

Quality Assurance

Traceable certificates with comprehensive enzymatic testing and stability validation support

Global Standards

International compliance with molecular biology and USP specifications for worldwide acceptance

Partnership Approach

Collaborative relationships with molecular biology laboratories and custom screening development services